1 00:00:08,698 --> 00:00:13,737 欧洲...这片以壮丽城市与文明闻名的大陆 Europe... a continent renowned for its spectacular cities 2 00:00:13,806 --> 00:00:14,600 和灿烂文明 and civilizations. 3 00:00:17,672 --> 00:00:20,779 但这片土地却蕴藏着惊人的野性 But this is a surprisingly wild land, 4 00:00:20,848 --> 00:00:23,299 超过1000万平方公里的 with over 10 million square kilometers 5 00:00:23,368 --> 00:00:26,716 多样化自然栖息地... of diverse natural habitat... 6 00:00:26,785 --> 00:00:31,721 从北极圈的最北端延伸... stretching from the northernmost reaches of the Arctic... 7 00:00:31,790 --> 00:00:34,551 直到地中海清澈的海域 to the crystal-clear waters of the Mediterranean Sea. 8 00:00:36,657 --> 00:00:40,557 在这片非凡大陆上 And across this extraordinary continent, 9 00:00:40,626 --> 00:00:44,216 一场史诗级的变革正在上演... an epic transformation is under way... 10 00:00:44,285 --> 00:00:48,531 欧洲的野性之心正再次觉醒 as the wild heart of Europe is unleashed once more. 11 00:00:51,775 --> 00:00:55,400 人类正在助力自然世界 People are supporting the natural world. 12 00:00:55,469 --> 00:00:59,438 -我们去巢穴看看幼鸟情况 -Let's go to the nest and see how the chick is. 13 00:00:59,507 --> 00:01:01,716 -物种正在被重新引入 -Species are being reintroduced. 14 00:01:01,785 --> 00:01:05,686 -它睡得不安稳 我们动作要快 -He's not sleeping very well, so we have to be really fast. 15 00:01:05,755 --> 00:01:10,553 -大自然正在自我修复 -And nature itself is bouncing back. 16 00:01:13,556 --> 00:01:17,387 生命之环正在重建... The circle of life is being reforged... 17 00:01:17,456 --> 00:01:20,252 野性正在回归欧洲 as the wild returns to Europe. 18 00:01:23,048 --> 00:01:26,603 在喀尔巴阡山脉 In the Carpathian Mountains, 19 00:01:26,672 --> 00:01:30,159 野生动物重新引入计划 a wildlife reintroduction 20 00:01:30,228 --> 00:01:32,782 正改变着这片土地 is transforming the land 21 00:01:32,851 --> 00:01:37,338 让欧洲不羁的心脏 and making Europe's untamed heart 22 00:01:37,407 --> 00:01:39,375 跳动得更加狂野 even wilder. 23 00:01:52,284 --> 00:01:57,945 -欧洲东部有一片野生天堂... -In the east of Europe lies a wild paradise... 24 00:01:58,014 --> 00:01:59,981 崎岖的森林中 a rugged forest 25 00:02:00,050 --> 00:02:04,538 茂密枝叶掩映保护着... where dense foliage camouflages and protects... 26 00:02:04,607 --> 00:02:06,919 欧洲大陆最神秘的猫科动物... one of the most elusive cats on the continent... 27 00:02:10,820 --> 00:02:13,857 ...欧亚猞猁 ...the Eurasian lynx. 28 00:02:13,926 --> 00:02:16,757 作为四种猞猁中体型最大的 The largest of the four lynx species, 29 00:02:16,826 --> 00:02:21,313 这种隐秘的野猫在此繁衍生息 this secretive wild cat thrives here. 30 00:02:21,382 --> 00:02:25,524 是养育幼崽的理想之地... It's the perfect place to raise cubs... 31 00:02:25,593 --> 00:02:27,561 比如这些小家伙 like these little fellows, 32 00:02:27,630 --> 00:02:30,357 它们完全依赖母亲生存 who are completely dependent on Mom. 33 00:02:32,566 --> 00:02:35,914 母亲试图清理它们 She tries to clean them, 34 00:02:35,983 --> 00:02:37,053 但幼崽们另有想法 but they have other ideas. 35 00:02:44,094 --> 00:02:48,754 两个月大的幼崽只想玩耍探索 At 2 months old, they just want to play and explore. 36 00:03:26,378 --> 00:03:28,898 当它们走远时... If they wander off... 37 00:03:34,421 --> 00:03:36,561 ...母亲总会紧随其后 ...Mom is never far behind. 38 00:03:40,737 --> 00:03:43,568 接下来的八个月里它将照顾幼崽... She'll take care of them for the next 8 months... 39 00:03:48,918 --> 00:03:52,301 ...直到它们学会独立捕猎 ...until they learn to hunt on their own. 40 00:03:52,370 --> 00:03:56,408 之后幼崽会离开母亲建立自己的领地 Then they'll leave her and find their own territories, 41 00:03:56,477 --> 00:04:00,032 开始独居掠食者的新生活 starting new lives as solitary predators. 42 00:04:03,864 --> 00:04:08,317 欧洲现存约一万只欧亚猞猁... There's around 10,000 Eurasian lynx living in Europe... 43 00:04:08,386 --> 00:04:10,526 其中四分之一栖息于此... and a quarter of them live here... 44 00:04:10,595 --> 00:04:12,044 喀尔巴阡山脉 in the Carpathian Mountains. 45 00:04:17,118 --> 00:04:20,467 喀尔巴阡山脉是猞猁 The Carpathians are a stronghold for the lynx 46 00:04:20,536 --> 00:04:22,986 和许多其他物种的庇护所 and many other species. 47 00:04:23,055 --> 00:04:26,852 在这片崎岖地貌上 Here, a wide range of wildlife 48 00:04:26,921 --> 00:04:29,476 众多野生动物蓬勃生长... thrives on rugged landscapes... 49 00:04:33,065 --> 00:04:35,585 ...和原始水域中 ...and in pristine water. 50 00:04:39,244 --> 00:04:44,076 喀尔巴阡山脉绵延1500多公里... The Carpathians span over 1,500 kilometers... 51 00:04:44,145 --> 00:04:47,148 横跨八个国家 and run through eight separate countries. 52 00:04:51,946 --> 00:04:53,707 几个世纪以来 For centuries, they've been a refuge 53 00:04:53,776 --> 00:04:56,813 这里一直是欧洲标志性物种的避难所 for Europe's most iconic species. 54 00:05:01,059 --> 00:05:02,923 掠食者... Predators... 55 00:05:07,859 --> 00:05:10,482 ...被捕食者... ...and prey animals... 56 00:05:10,551 --> 00:05:14,900 无论体型大小... large and small... 57 00:05:14,969 --> 00:05:19,008 都在这片生物多样性热点地区找到庇护 find refuge in this biodiversity hotspot. 58 00:05:23,150 --> 00:05:27,568 但该生态系统最重要的物种之一... But one of the ecosystem's most important creatures... 59 00:05:32,055 --> 00:05:34,575 ...却未能在此获得保护 ...did not find protection here. 60 00:05:42,134 --> 00:05:44,033 欧洲野牛 The European Bison. 61 00:05:44,102 --> 00:05:48,589 作为欧洲最大的陆地哺乳动物 It's the continent's largest land mammal, 62 00:05:48,658 --> 00:05:50,073 站立时近2米高 standing almost 2 meters tall 63 00:05:50,142 --> 00:05:55,078 体重堪比一辆汽车 and weighing almost as much as a car. 64 00:06:00,049 --> 00:06:05,019 如今它们比白犀牛更为稀有 Today, it's rarer than the white rhino. 65 00:06:05,088 --> 00:06:09,714 但曾经这个物种遍布整个欧洲 But once, the species used to roam all across Europe. 66 00:06:16,686 --> 00:06:18,930 直到第一次世界大战结束... Until the end of the World War I... 67 00:06:21,622 --> 00:06:23,048 ...因狩猎和栖息地丧失 ...when due to hunting and habitat loss, 68 00:06:23,072 --> 00:06:26,972 野生欧洲野牛彻底灭绝 not a single bison was left in the wild. 69 00:06:31,045 --> 00:06:34,670 幸存于圈养的少数个体中 Out of the few individuals that survived in captivity, 70 00:06:34,739 --> 00:06:36,603 人们精心培育了12头 12 were carefully bred 71 00:06:36,672 --> 00:06:40,538 以延续血脉 in order to keep the gene line going. 72 00:06:40,607 --> 00:06:45,128 如今它们的后代已达7000头（含圈养和野生） Today their descendants, captive and wild, number 7,000. 73 00:06:49,305 --> 00:06:54,621 野牛是能重塑地貌的关键物种 Bison are a key species with the power to shape the landscape. 74 00:06:59,384 --> 00:07:02,007 单头雄性每日可进食超30公斤 A single male can eat over 30 kilos of plants 75 00:07:02,076 --> 00:07:06,218 植物与牧草... and grasses in a day... 76 00:07:06,287 --> 00:07:09,152 将茂密林地改造为 which transforms overgrown land 77 00:07:09,221 --> 00:07:12,984 草原与森林交错的马赛克地貌 to a patchwork of meadow and forest. 78 00:07:13,053 --> 00:07:18,921 它们还热衷沙土浴 And they love getting down and dirty. 79 00:07:18,990 --> 00:07:21,337 通过沙浴驱除寄生虫时 By rolling in the sand to get rid of parasites, 80 00:07:21,406 --> 00:07:22,994 它们为小型动物 they clear the ground 81 00:07:23,063 --> 00:07:26,100 和昆虫清理出活动空间 for smaller animals and insects. 82 00:07:32,072 --> 00:07:34,315 得益于人类干预 Thanks to human intervention, 83 00:07:34,384 --> 00:07:37,905 欧洲野牛正逐步恢复 European bison are slowly recovering. 84 00:07:43,877 --> 00:07:45,844 在柏林动物园里 Here at the Tierpark Berlin, 85 00:07:45,913 --> 00:07:48,295 专家团队正与 a team of specialists is working closely 86 00:07:48,364 --> 00:07:53,852 "欧洲再野化"和世界自然基金会密切合作 with the conservation groups Rewilding Europe and WWF. 87 00:07:56,406 --> 00:07:57,891 他们的共同使命... Their joint mission... 88 00:07:57,960 --> 00:08:00,894 让消失200多年的野牛重返喀尔巴阡 reintroduce bison to the Carpathians 89 00:08:00,963 --> 00:08:03,966 助力欧洲生态系统修复 after more than 200 years of absence 90 00:08:04,035 --> 00:08:06,865 and help restore Europe's ecosystem. 91 00:08:08,936 --> 00:08:11,352 这是项密集型育种计划 It's an intensive breeding program. 92 00:08:11,421 --> 00:08:13,976 每头野牛都经过严格筛选 Each animal is carefully selected. 93 00:08:16,841 --> 00:08:19,084 过去五年已有50多头野牛 Over the last five years, more than 50 bison 94 00:08:19,153 --> 00:08:23,019 被放归至罗马尼亚山区 have been released into the mountains of Romania. 95 00:08:26,436 --> 00:08:29,094 经过数月筹备 Today, after months of preparation, 96 00:08:29,163 --> 00:08:31,925 又有五头即将加入 five more are ready to join them. 97 00:08:38,034 --> 00:08:40,036 这是个独立族群 They're an independent herd, 98 00:08:40,105 --> 00:08:44,316 由名为"蒂鲁内什"的母牛领导 headed by a matriarch called Tirunesh. 99 00:08:46,422 --> 00:08:48,251 -蒂鲁内什是优秀的领袖 -Tirunesh is a good leading female. 100 00:08:48,320 --> 00:08:50,253 它很强壮 清楚自己的职责 She is strong. She know what she's doing. 101 00:08:50,322 --> 00:08:54,119 有望带领年轻群体 So she will hopefully lead the younger group 102 00:08:54,188 --> 00:08:56,087 度过首个寒冬 through the first winter. 103 00:08:59,193 --> 00:09:03,819 -首先需将野牛装入独立运输箱... -First, the bison need to be loaded into individual crates... 104 00:09:08,513 --> 00:09:10,032 ...这绝非易事 ...which is easier said than done. 105 00:09:18,523 --> 00:09:21,630 饲养员尽量隐蔽行动 The keepers are trying to stay out of sight. 106 00:09:26,151 --> 00:09:30,052 但要说服年轻野牛... But to convince some of the younger bison... 107 00:09:30,121 --> 00:09:32,951 现在他们需要另辟蹊径 now they have to get creative. 108 00:09:34,574 --> 00:09:38,992 即使幼牛也可能用角造成致命伤害 Even a juvenile could cause a fatal injury with its horns. 109 00:09:42,133 --> 00:09:45,930 最终野牛被安全移入运输箱 But eventually, the bison is moved safely into the crate. 110 00:09:48,035 --> 00:09:51,314 这些年轻野牛尚未知晓 These young bison have no idea 111 00:09:51,383 --> 00:09:53,972 即将展开的伟大征程 of the scale of the mission that lies ahead. 112 00:09:58,908 --> 00:10:02,671 它们将穿越欧洲腹地 They face a 1,300-kilometer journey 113 00:10:02,740 --> 00:10:04,707 跋涉1300公里 through the heart of Europe. 114 00:10:09,574 --> 00:10:12,681 经过两天的运输 It takes two days on the road 115 00:10:12,750 --> 00:10:17,686 野牛终于抵达新家... for the bison to finally reach their new home... 116 00:10:17,755 --> 00:10:20,171 喀尔巴阡山脉 The Carpathian Mountains. 117 00:10:27,488 --> 00:10:30,699 它们将与18头同类会合 Now they're set to join 18 others 118 00:10:30,768 --> 00:10:35,393 共同开启这个温柔巨兽的... in a bid to ignite a new era... 119 00:10:35,462 --> 00:10:39,431 新时代篇章 for this gentle giant of the animal kingdom. 120 00:10:45,127 --> 00:10:49,303 首领蒂鲁内什和四名同伴 Matriarch Tirunesh and her four companions 121 00:10:49,372 --> 00:10:52,099 此前从未体验过自由 have never been free before. 122 00:11:33,485 --> 00:11:37,766 如今60多头野牛漫步喀尔巴阡 Now with over 60 bison roaming the Carpathians, 123 00:11:37,835 --> 00:11:40,389 大自然正以各种方式 nature can take advantage of their presence 124 00:11:40,458 --> 00:11:42,874 利用它们的活动痕迹 in all kinds of ways. 125 00:11:49,018 --> 00:11:52,056 野牛觅食打滚之处生机盎然 Animals can thrive where bison graze and wallow. 126 00:12:02,031 --> 00:12:05,483 新植物在啃食过的土地上生长 New plants grow in freshly grazed land. 127 00:12:08,072 --> 00:12:13,560 昆虫、鸟类、哺乳动物与爬行动物 Insects, birds, mammals, and reptiles 128 00:12:13,629 --> 00:12:17,875 都因野牛回归而受益 all benefit from the bison's return. 129 00:12:26,055 --> 00:12:29,265 连它们的蹄印也物尽其用 Even their hoof prints come in handy. 130 00:12:32,406 --> 00:12:34,443 积满雨水后 Filled up with rain water, 131 00:12:34,512 --> 00:12:37,549 成为远征冒险家的 it becomes a welcome pit stop for an adventurer... 132 00:12:37,618 --> 00:12:39,103 理想歇脚处 on an epic journey. 133 00:12:44,349 --> 00:12:46,075 这只黄腹蟾蜍雌性 This female yellow-bellied toad 134 00:12:46,144 --> 00:12:49,561 为寻找产卵池塘 may have to travel almost 200 meters 135 00:12:49,630 --> 00:12:52,530 可能要跋涉近200米 in search of a pond to lay her eggs. 136 00:12:59,123 --> 00:13:02,091 积水的蹄印让她通过巨大毛孔 The water-filled hoof print lets her soak up oxygen 137 00:13:02,160 --> 00:13:07,200 吸收氧气维持呼吸 through her huge pores, allowing her to breathe. 138 00:13:11,100 --> 00:13:13,068 但旅程仍需继续 But she must continue her journey. 139 00:13:20,109 --> 00:13:24,010 对于仅有5厘米高的身躯 And when you're just 5 centimeters tall, 140 00:13:24,079 --> 00:13:26,495 这堪称长征 it's a long road. 141 00:13:30,154 --> 00:13:31,534 它是幸运的 She's lucky. 142 00:13:31,603 --> 00:13:37,092 转角又遇完美水洼... There's another perfect puddle just around the corner... 143 00:13:37,161 --> 00:13:41,717 为穴居蟾蜍提供休闲驿站 providing a little relaxation for the toad in the hole. 144 00:13:44,996 --> 00:13:49,035 阳光迅速加热蹄印水坑 The hoof print pools warm up quickly in the sunlight, 145 00:13:49,104 --> 00:13:52,141 为冷血动物打造温水浴场 creating a warming bath for this cold-blooded creature. 146 00:13:57,698 --> 00:13:59,977 最终奋力一搏... With one last push... 147 00:14:08,640 --> 00:14:12,299 ...它抵达理想池塘 ...she finally reaches the perfect pond. 148 00:14:16,338 --> 00:14:19,306 但这里早有访客... But she's got company... 149 00:14:19,375 --> 00:14:23,241 数十只求偶雄蟾 dozens of males looking for love. 150 00:14:26,762 --> 00:14:29,040 若非野牛蹄印水潭相助 It's unlikely this female would ever have made it 151 00:14:29,109 --> 00:14:33,148 这只雌蟾根本不可能 to this mating pond 152 00:14:33,217 --> 00:14:38,256 抵达这片婚恋池塘 without the help of the water-filled bison tracks... 153 00:14:38,325 --> 00:14:44,159 野牛意外成为蟾蜍爱情丘比特 making the bison an improbable Cupid in this toad romance. 154 00:14:58,483 --> 00:15:01,072 随着季节更替 With the change of seasons, 155 00:15:01,141 --> 00:15:03,143 这些巨型食草动物为喀尔巴阡居民 these mega herbivores bring new opportunities 156 00:15:03,212 --> 00:15:06,457 创造新机遇 to the Carpathian's residents. 157 00:15:17,709 --> 00:15:22,231 当群山覆上厚雪... When the mountains become blanketed in thick snow... 158 00:15:22,300 --> 00:15:26,097 掠食者捕食难度倍增 predators have to work harder. 159 00:15:26,166 --> 00:15:28,582 在罗马尼亚喀尔巴阡山脉 In Romania's Carpathians, 160 00:15:28,651 --> 00:15:31,792 这只赤狐正在觅食 this red fox is looking for a meal. 161 00:15:31,861 --> 00:15:36,211 但它不依赖视觉 But he's not relying on his eyes. 162 00:15:36,280 --> 00:15:41,423 而是运用卓越嗅觉... Instead, he uses his excellent sense of smell... 163 00:15:41,492 --> 00:15:43,114 与听觉... and hearing... 164 00:15:43,183 --> 00:15:45,841 定位合适猎物 to locate a suitable snack. 165 00:15:49,465 --> 00:15:53,469 赤狐能侦测30米外雪下啮齿动物 The fox can detect and stalk a rodent under the snow 166 00:15:53,538 --> 00:15:56,231 并潜行接近 from around 30 meters away. 167 00:16:00,131 --> 00:16:05,792 扑击时利用尾巴如舵 And when it pounces, it uses its tail like a rudder, 168 00:16:05,861 --> 00:16:07,311 保持空中平衡 to balance in midair. 169 00:16:12,833 --> 00:16:16,630 捕猎成功 Success. 170 00:16:18,184 --> 00:16:22,429 冬季觅食者不止狐狸 Foxes aren't the only ones looking for food in winter. 171 00:16:25,432 --> 00:16:26,432 野牛持续啃食 Bison continue to graze 172 00:16:26,468 --> 00:16:29,781 雪层下的牧草 on grasses hidden beneath the snow. 173 00:16:31,852 --> 00:16:34,407 也依靠小树与枝桠 But they also rely on small trees and branches 174 00:16:34,476 --> 00:16:36,547 度过严冬 to make it through. 175 00:16:38,825 --> 00:16:41,621 随着它们在林间持续进食 As they continue to graze the forest, 176 00:16:41,690 --> 00:16:45,176 啃食行为创造出开阔地... all this eating creates open areas... 177 00:16:45,245 --> 00:16:49,594 为最奇特求偶仪式 and makes room for one of the most unusual mating rituals 178 00:16:49,663 --> 00:16:51,596 提供舞台 to take place. 179 00:16:53,667 --> 00:16:56,774 欧洲松林破晓时分 Dawn in Europe's pine forest, 180 00:16:56,843 --> 00:17:02,159 主角即将登场... and time for the headliner to make an appearance... 181 00:17:02,228 --> 00:17:06,404 求偶的松鸡雄性 a male capercaillie looking for love. 182 00:17:08,820 --> 00:17:11,133 为吸引注意它持续鸣叫 To attract attention, he calls continuously 183 00:17:11,202 --> 00:17:15,724 并展开尾羽 and fans his tail feathers. 184 00:17:15,793 --> 00:17:18,865 选择这片空地因它 He's chosen this clearing for its good acoustics 185 00:17:18,934 --> 00:17:22,144 声效佳视野好 and visibility. 186 00:17:22,213 --> 00:17:24,940 策略奏效 And it works. 187 00:17:25,009 --> 00:17:27,839 雌鸟目不转睛 The female is transfixed. 188 00:17:31,464 --> 00:17:35,916 但出现竞争者 But there's competition. 189 00:17:35,985 --> 00:17:40,783 另一雄鸟入场 形势急转直下 Another male arrives, and things quickly turn serious. 190 00:17:42,992 --> 00:17:45,892 它已准备战斗 He's prepared to fight. 191 00:17:51,898 --> 00:17:54,314 起初只是虚张声势 At first, it's just a lot of noise. 192 00:17:58,939 --> 00:18:01,528 随后升级为肢体冲突 But then things get physical. 193 00:18:04,807 --> 00:18:07,672 两位战士不敢分神 The two warriors can't lose focus. 194 00:18:12,263 --> 00:18:15,991 稍有失误就可能受伤... One false move could lead to injury... 195 00:18:16,060 --> 00:18:19,167 甚至死亡 or even death. 196 00:18:19,236 --> 00:18:20,029 它们对峙良久... They face off... 197 00:18:20,099 --> 00:18:24,206 直至一方认输 until one concedes defeat. 198 00:18:31,420 --> 00:18:34,354 胜者赢得所求 And the winner gets what he came for. 199 00:18:37,081 --> 00:18:41,327 或许未能如愿 Or maybe not. 200 00:18:44,778 --> 00:18:47,195 隆冬时节 野牛回归 In the depths of winter, the return of bison 201 00:18:47,264 --> 00:18:51,889 正对山区生态产生积极影响 is having a positive impact on the region and its animals. 202 00:18:54,029 --> 00:18:57,412 但对顶级掠食者而言 But for the mountains' top predator, 203 00:18:57,481 --> 00:19:00,794 巨型食草动物的重现 the re-introduction of the mega herbivore 204 00:19:00,863 --> 00:19:05,005 正唤醒它们原始的渴望 is beginning to satisfy a very different primal urge. 205 00:19:07,767 --> 00:19:11,288 健壮野牛能为狼群 A stocky bison would provide plenty of meat 206 00:19:11,357 --> 00:19:13,635 提供充足肉源 for a hungry pack. 207 00:19:15,015 --> 00:19:19,986 狼虽是顶尖猎手 Wolves may be exceptional hunters, 208 00:19:20,055 --> 00:19:23,472 却不会放弃腐食机会 but they will not turn down a chance to scavenge. 209 00:19:26,372 --> 00:19:28,650 约四分之一的野牛幼崽 Up to one quarter of all bison calves 210 00:19:28,719 --> 00:19:29,858 活不过首年 die in their first year. 211 00:19:29,927 --> 00:19:34,449 但尸体不会浪费 But their carcasses don't go to waste. 212 00:19:34,518 --> 00:19:38,832 这头一岁野牛将养活整个狼群 The remains of this 1-year-old will feed the entire pack. 213 00:19:40,420 --> 00:19:45,908 每匹狼单次可进食自身体重20% Each wolf can eat up to 20% of its bodyweight in one go. 214 00:20:00,129 --> 00:20:02,718 狼群等级森严 Wolf packs have a strict hierarchy. 215 00:20:03,926 --> 00:20:06,550 成员需按序进食 And each wolf must take its turn. 216 00:20:13,177 --> 00:20:15,006 直到宴会被打断... Until the party is interrupted... 217 00:20:18,872 --> 00:20:21,047 ...野牛群突然出现 ...by a herd of bison. 218 00:20:30,125 --> 00:20:34,888 每头野牛重于15匹狼总和 Each bison weighs more than 15 wolves combined. 219 00:20:41,136 --> 00:20:44,001 且深谙战斗技巧 And they know how to fight. 220 00:20:46,141 --> 00:20:49,489 狼群从这类对手受的伤 Wolves suffer more injuries from these animals 221 00:20:49,558 --> 00:20:52,906 比任何敌人都多 than any other adversary. 222 00:20:52,975 --> 00:20:56,427 很快它们放弃尸体 And it's not long before they abandon the carcass. 223 00:20:59,430 --> 00:21:02,571 欧洲狼群曾以野牛为猎 Wolves once hunted bison here in Europe. 224 00:21:04,815 --> 00:21:06,989 但经过数世纪分离 But after centuries without them, 225 00:21:07,058 --> 00:21:11,546 欧洲狼已遗忘如何猎杀大型猎物 European wolves have forgotten how to tackle such large prey. 226 00:21:13,927 --> 00:21:16,067 这些巨型食草动物暂时... So these massive herbivores are safe... 227 00:21:16,136 --> 00:21:19,830 安全无忧 for now. 228 00:21:19,899 --> 00:21:23,730 但对倒下的同伴却无能为力 However, there is little they can do for their fallen kin. 229 00:21:35,535 --> 00:21:37,019 与野牛相似 Just like the bison, 230 00:21:37,088 --> 00:21:42,197 欧洲狼也曾濒临灭绝 wolves in Europe almost went extinct. 231 00:21:42,266 --> 00:21:44,855 全欧范围的捕杀 Continent-wide hunting and culling 232 00:21:44,924 --> 00:21:47,133 导致狼群数量锐减 caused wolf numbers to plummet. 233 00:21:49,273 --> 00:21:53,070 所幸狩猎管制与法律保护 Fortunately, hunting regulation and legal protection 234 00:21:53,139 --> 00:21:55,452 及时出台 came just in the nick of time. 235 00:21:58,109 --> 00:22:02,597 如今狼群不仅幸存 Now the wolf population hasn't just survived. 236 00:22:02,666 --> 00:22:05,427 更实现惊人复苏 It's made a remarkable comeback. 237 00:22:05,496 --> 00:22:08,982 现今欧洲狼数量已超美国 And today, there are more wolves in Europe than in the U.S. 238 00:22:20,062 --> 00:22:24,757 这是狼群聚集地... This is a wolf rendezvous site... 239 00:22:24,826 --> 00:22:28,105 狼群领地核心区域 a key location in a pack's territory, 240 00:22:28,174 --> 00:22:30,728 群狼在此嬉戏休憩 where the wolves gather to play, 241 00:22:30,797 --> 00:22:33,075 哺育幼崽 sleep, and feed their pups. 242 00:22:37,321 --> 00:22:38,633 这些两个月大的幼崽 At 2 months old, 243 00:22:38,702 --> 00:22:43,569 刚离巢穴数周 these pups are just a few weeks out of the den. 244 00:22:43,638 --> 00:22:45,778 它们天生充满好奇 They are born curious. 245 00:22:47,814 --> 00:22:50,714 这是认识世界的方式 It's how they learn about the world. 246 00:22:50,783 --> 00:22:53,061 但已开始调皮捣蛋 But they're already becoming a handful. 247 00:22:55,719 --> 00:22:58,100 成年狼外出狩猎时 So while the adults are out hunting, 248 00:22:58,169 --> 00:23:00,033 幼崽被留在后方 they've been left behind. 249 00:23:04,175 --> 00:23:06,557 但它们并非独自留守 But they're not on their own. 250 00:23:06,626 --> 00:23:08,594 有保姆狼看护 They have a babysitter. 251 00:23:11,528 --> 00:23:14,841 它负责陪玩直到父母归来 He keeps them entertained until their parents return. 252 00:23:21,158 --> 00:23:23,194 还需数月成长 It will be a few months still 253 00:23:23,263 --> 00:23:26,059 才能参与狩猎 until they're old enough to join the hunt. 254 00:23:28,614 --> 00:23:31,582 现在它们乐此不疲地 For now, they're happy to take the opportunity 255 00:23:31,651 --> 00:23:34,309 折腾保姆狼 to run the babysitter ragged. 256 00:23:37,657 --> 00:23:39,210 不仅是成年狼 It's not only the adult wolves 257 00:23:39,279 --> 00:23:41,972 关心幼崽成长 with the pups' best interest in mind. 258 00:23:45,044 --> 00:23:50,049 全欧洲人类态度转变 Across the continent, human attitudes have changed, 259 00:23:50,118 --> 00:23:52,914 再野化项目正追踪监测 and rewilding efforts are attempting to monitor 260 00:23:52,983 --> 00:23:55,572 狼群的惊人复苏 the wolves' amazing comeback. 261 00:23:58,057 --> 00:24:03,027 喀尔巴阡山脉以北900多公里 Over 900 kilometers north of the Carpathians, 262 00:24:03,096 --> 00:24:07,342 波兰狼群数量超出预期 Polish wolf populations have defied all expectations. 263 00:24:09,413 --> 00:24:13,175 在波兰原始森林深处... Here in the depths of Poland's isolated forests... 264 00:24:13,244 --> 00:24:14,936 科学家正搜寻林地 scientists are scouring the woodland, 265 00:24:15,005 --> 00:24:18,940 寻找狼群聚集地 looking for wolf rendezvous sites. 266 00:24:19,009 --> 00:24:24,152 但这类顶级掠食者踪迹难觅 But these apex predators are notoriously hard to find. 267 00:24:27,914 --> 00:24:29,122 狼类专家萨宾娜·诺瓦克 Wolf expert Sabina Nowak 268 00:24:29,191 --> 00:24:33,955 研究波兰狼群已20年... has been studying wolves in Poland for 20 years... 269 00:24:36,923 --> 00:24:40,271 ...常采取极端手段寻找目标 ...and goes to drastic lengths to find her subjects. 270 00:24:43,205 --> 00:24:46,795 追踪是她采用的多种方法之一 One of the many methods she utilizes is tracking. 271 00:24:49,108 --> 00:24:51,904 她与团队扫描地形 With her team, she scans the landscape 272 00:24:51,973 --> 00:24:55,321 寻找狼群遗留痕迹 for anything the wolves have left behind. 273 00:24:55,390 --> 00:24:58,186 -岔路口有足迹 -On the junction, we have some tracks 274 00:24:58,255 --> 00:25:03,122 疑似幼狼脚印 没错 which look like pup's track. Yeah. 275 00:25:03,191 --> 00:25:04,675 -仅8厘米的 -At just 8 centimeters, 276 00:25:04,744 --> 00:25:08,127 爪印属于幼狼... this paw print belongs to a wolf pup... 277 00:25:08,196 --> 00:25:11,682 说明萨宾娜追踪方向正确 and means Sabina is heading in the right direction. 278 00:25:11,751 --> 00:25:14,789 -发现线索后逐步逼近 -You find some signs and go closer and closer. 279 00:25:14,858 --> 00:25:18,068 像警方办案对吧？ It's like a police investigation, yeah? 280 00:25:21,002 --> 00:25:22,117 围栏下有缺口 There is a hole under the fence, 281 00:25:22,141 --> 00:25:25,765 幼狼可能由此通过 so it can be used by pups. 282 00:25:25,834 --> 00:25:27,905 围栏上可见 And on the fence, 283 00:25:27,974 --> 00:25:30,977 残留的 we can see hair, 284 00:25:31,046 --> 00:25:33,428 狼毛 wolf hair. 285 00:25:33,497 --> 00:25:37,087 -附近足迹与毛发痕迹 -Nearby paw prints and traces of the predators' hair 286 00:25:37,156 --> 00:25:41,850 表明这是狼群聚集地 make this a likely wolf rendezvous site 287 00:25:41,919 --> 00:25:43,680 也是安装 and the perfect location 288 00:25:43,749 --> 00:25:47,407 红外相机的理想位置 to set up a camera trap. 289 00:25:47,476 --> 00:25:49,375 -幼狼喜欢在道路玩耍 -Pups, they like very much to play on roads, 290 00:25:49,444 --> 00:25:52,792 每晚都会出来嬉戏 so they emerge every evening, and they play. 291 00:25:52,861 --> 00:25:54,138 有很大几率 So there is a big probability 292 00:25:54,207 --> 00:25:57,383 会被我们的相机捕捉到 that they will be recorded by our camera traps. 293 00:26:00,179 --> 00:26:03,216 -通过红外相机影像 -Using the footage caught on camera traps like this, 294 00:26:03,285 --> 00:26:05,943 萨宾娜团队逐渐掌握 Sabina and the team begin to understand 295 00:26:06,012 --> 00:26:09,947 欧洲狼群扩散规律 how the European wolves are repopulating the continent. 296 00:26:10,016 --> 00:26:12,778 -在合适位置设置相机后 -When we set camera traps in good place, 297 00:26:12,847 --> 00:26:16,126 能观察成年狼与 we can observe the relationship between adults, 298 00:26:16,195 --> 00:26:18,818 幼崽的互动 the parents, and pups. 299 00:26:21,890 --> 00:26:24,065 幼狼监测非常重要 The monitoring of pups is very important, 300 00:26:24,134 --> 00:26:28,069 能获取健康状况数据 because we get information about their health. 301 00:26:36,146 --> 00:26:39,701 还能观察个性特征 We can also observe personalities. 302 00:26:39,770 --> 00:26:41,082 -有的谨慎 -Some are cautious. 303 00:26:47,226 --> 00:26:49,435 有的好奇 Others curious. 304 00:26:52,231 --> 00:26:55,234 还有的讨厌被拍摄 And some don't like being filmed at all. 305 00:27:08,799 --> 00:27:11,422 喀尔巴阡山脉物种丰富 The Carpathians boast so much wildlife, 306 00:27:11,491 --> 00:27:15,081 可援助欧洲其他生态薄弱地区 they can help other regions of Europe that aren't as fortunate. 307 00:27:19,154 --> 00:27:21,778 猞猁种群就是典例 The lynx population is a prime example. 308 00:27:23,849 --> 00:27:26,023 这两只幼猞生于 These two lynx cubs were born wild 309 00:27:26,092 --> 00:27:29,924 斯洛伐克山区野外 in the Slovakian mountains. 310 00:27:29,993 --> 00:27:33,306 一年前被发现遭遗弃 But one year ago, they were both found abandoned. 311 00:27:36,240 --> 00:27:40,279 瓦拉诺与阿尔菲在圈养环境中 Since then, Wrano and Alfie have been raised in captivity 312 00:27:40,348 --> 00:27:44,559 极少接触人类 with minimal human contact. 313 00:27:44,628 --> 00:27:47,044 在博伊尼采动物园康复数月后 After months of rehabilitation at the Bojnice Zoo, 314 00:27:47,113 --> 00:27:50,151 它们已准备好回归自然 they're ready to be freed. 315 00:27:52,222 --> 00:27:54,776 它们不会回到喀尔巴阡 Instead of returning to the Carpathians, 316 00:27:54,845 --> 00:27:58,090 将被重新引入德国 these lynx will be reintroduced to Germany, 317 00:27:58,159 --> 00:28:02,404 当地猞猁已灭绝150年 where their species has been extinct for 150 years. 318 00:28:04,130 --> 00:28:07,099 搬迁团队夜间作业 The relocation team works at night 319 00:28:07,168 --> 00:28:11,103 减少幼崽视觉刺激 to minimize visual stimulation for the cubs. 320 00:28:11,172 --> 00:28:13,795 猞猁麻醉后 Once the cats are sedated, 321 00:28:13,864 --> 00:28:17,281 食肉动物专家雅库布检查健康状况 carnivore expert Jakub Kubala checks that they're healthy. 322 00:28:17,350 --> 00:28:20,560 我们采集血液样本 We're taking blood samples of the animal 323 00:28:20,629 --> 00:28:24,530 并在项圈标注特殊编号 and writing a really special number on the collar 324 00:28:24,599 --> 00:28:26,912 德国兽医便可直接查验 so the German vets can then check it 325 00:28:26,981 --> 00:28:29,777 无需再次麻醉 without the need to tranquilize him again. 326 00:28:29,846 --> 00:28:31,226 -对雅库布团队而言 -For Jakub and the team, 327 00:28:31,295 --> 00:28:34,402 采血是复杂流程 taking the blood is a complicated procedure. 328 00:28:38,958 --> 00:28:41,961 猞猁以神经敏感著称 Lynx are notoriously nervous creatures. 329 00:28:42,030 --> 00:28:44,136 即使麻醉状态下 And even under sedation, their stress levels 330 00:28:44,205 --> 00:28:46,414 压力仍可能造成严重后果 can have devastating effects. 331 00:28:47,415 --> 00:28:49,244 -它麻醉效果不佳 -He's not sleeping very well, 332 00:28:49,313 --> 00:28:51,488 我们必须争分夺秒 so we have to be really fast as possible, 333 00:28:51,557 --> 00:28:54,456 随时可能苏醒 because he could wake up in a moment. 334 00:28:54,525 --> 00:28:56,804 -他们只有几分钟安装项圈 -They have just a few minutes to fit a collar. 335 00:29:05,157 --> 00:29:08,919 搬迁压力与麻醉剂叠加 The stress of relocation, combined with the sedatives, 336 00:29:08,988 --> 00:29:12,440 使幼崽体温升至危险值 raises the cubs' body temperature to dangerous levels. 337 00:29:15,132 --> 00:29:17,894 必须持续监测 They must continually monitor the lynx 338 00:29:17,963 --> 00:29:19,999 防止体温过高 to ensure they do not overheat. 339 00:29:22,381 --> 00:29:24,555 流程即将结束时 Just as the process is coming to an end, 340 00:29:24,624 --> 00:29:26,868 突发意外状况 things take a turn for the worse. 341 00:29:29,422 --> 00:29:34,082 瓦拉诺与阿尔菲对麻醉反应不良 The cubs, Wrano and Alfie, are not responding well to sedation. 342 00:29:37,983 --> 00:29:41,227 体温升至危险高度 Their body temperature has become dangerously high, 343 00:29:41,296 --> 00:29:43,195 团队全力降温 and the team is fighting to bring it down. 344 00:29:47,199 --> 00:29:50,650 -体温仍然过高 -The temperature was still too high. 345 00:29:50,719 --> 00:29:53,861 已降低0.5度 We drop it for almost 1/2 degree, 346 00:29:53,930 --> 00:29:56,208 但仍超出安全范围 but it's still too high, so... 347 00:30:02,386 --> 00:30:03,974 -起效了 -It works. 348 00:30:04,043 --> 00:30:06,045 猞猁终于脱险 The lynx is finally out of danger. 349 00:30:16,262 --> 00:30:20,680 体检完成麻醉消退后... When the check-up is complete and the sedative wears off... 350 00:30:22,751 --> 00:30:27,273 ...瓦拉诺与阿尔菲连夜启程... ...Wrano and Alfie are driven through the night... 351 00:30:27,342 --> 00:30:30,552 ...穿越欧洲900多公里... more than 900 kilometers across Europe... 352 00:30:32,623 --> 00:30:37,974 ...抵达德国普法尔茨森林新家... ...to their new home in Germany's Palatinate Forest, 353 00:30:38,043 --> 00:30:42,150 当地已两个世纪未见猞猁踪迹 where lynx have been absent for more than two centuries. 354 00:30:42,219 --> 00:30:45,636 幼崽渴望重获自由 The cubs seem eager for freedom. 355 00:30:47,707 --> 00:30:51,642 虽然环境陌生 但瓦拉诺与阿尔菲 Although these are new surroundings, Wrano and Alfie 356 00:30:51,711 --> 00:30:56,268 将加入15只重引入的欧亚猞猁 will be joining 15 other reintroduced Eurasian lynx 357 00:30:56,337 --> 00:30:59,927 在这片古老德国林地栖息 who now roam these ancient German woodlands. 358 00:31:02,688 --> 00:31:05,346 最终时刻到来 Finally, the moment arrives. 359 00:31:12,249 --> 00:31:13,147 瓦拉诺奔向自由 Wrano is off, 360 00:31:13,216 --> 00:31:17,703 头也不回 and he doesn't look back. 361 00:31:17,772 --> 00:31:20,154 它佩戴的项圈将帮助团队 The collar he's wearing will give the team insight 362 00:31:20,223 --> 00:31:23,019 了解猞猁的隐秘生活 into the lynx's hidden lives. 363 00:31:26,125 --> 00:31:28,714 接着轮到阿尔菲 Next, it's Alfie's turn. 364 00:31:31,268 --> 00:31:34,375 它追随义兄奔向自由 He follows his adoptive brother to freedom. 365 00:31:41,761 --> 00:31:45,144 经过欧洲数十年的再野化努力 Thanks to decades of rewilding efforts across Europe, 366 00:31:45,213 --> 00:31:48,320 猞猁正重新栖息于德国 lynx are now repopulating parts of Germany, 367 00:31:48,389 --> 00:31:52,531 瑞士、奥地利和意大利 Switzerland, Austria, and Italy. 368 00:31:59,883 --> 00:32:03,093 猞猁需要人类协助重建种群 While lynx have needed a helping hand to recolonize, 369 00:32:03,162 --> 00:32:09,306 狼群却能自主开疆拓土 wolves have had no trouble finding their own way. 370 00:32:09,375 --> 00:32:11,481 波兰有匹特别的狼 In Poland, one particular wolf 371 00:32:11,550 --> 00:32:14,104 诠释了这个传奇 embodies this extraordinary story. 372 00:32:18,177 --> 00:32:20,731 这是坎皮诺斯 This is Kampinos, 373 00:32:20,800 --> 00:32:25,495 被车撞伤后获救的年轻公狼 a young wolf rescued after being hit by a car. 374 00:32:25,564 --> 00:32:28,256 圈养康复后 And now after recovering in captivity, 375 00:32:28,325 --> 00:32:31,225 即将重归自然 he's about to be set free. 376 00:32:31,294 --> 00:32:34,814 但需先完成准备工作 But there's work to do first. 377 00:32:34,883 --> 00:32:37,093 坎皮诺斯被麻醉... Kampinos is sedated... 378 00:32:40,372 --> 00:32:42,753 ...转移至检查区... ...moved to the checkup area... 379 00:32:46,516 --> 00:32:48,035 ...为防万一戴上嘴套... ...muzzled, as a precaution... 380 00:32:50,106 --> 00:32:53,178 ...并安装追踪项圈 ...and fitted with a collar. 381 00:32:56,112 --> 00:32:58,148 随后被送入运输箱 He's then carried to his transport crate 382 00:32:58,217 --> 00:33:03,464 短暂前往坎皮诺斯国家公园... for the short journey home to Kampinos National Park... 383 00:33:03,533 --> 00:33:07,813 它毫不犹豫重返荒野 where he loses no time heading back to the wild. 384 00:33:12,231 --> 00:33:16,235 但并未久留原地 But he doesn't hang around. 385 00:33:16,304 --> 00:33:19,066 项圈数据显示放归不久 Data from his collar shows that shortly after his release, 386 00:33:19,135 --> 00:33:24,140 坎皮诺斯就开启远离家园的史诗之旅 Kampinos began an epic journey away from his home territory, 387 00:33:24,209 --> 00:33:29,455 迁徙距离远超预期 and the distance he covered defied all expectations. 388 00:33:33,356 --> 00:33:35,875 它穿越田野森林与群山 He traveled more than 600 kilometers 389 00:33:35,944 --> 00:33:39,327 跋涉600多公里 to the other side of Poland, 390 00:33:39,396 --> 00:33:42,882 横跨波兰全境 crossing fields, forests, and mountains. 391 00:33:49,786 --> 00:33:52,409 没有狼群相伴的独行中 Journeying alone, without a pack, 392 00:33:52,478 --> 00:33:56,413 坎皮诺斯需捕食易得猎物维生 Kampinos needed easy prey to sustain him along the way. 393 00:34:01,384 --> 00:34:04,663 喀尔巴阡山脉丰富的食物 The abundance of food in the Carpathian Mountains 394 00:34:04,732 --> 00:34:07,217 是狼群在此区域 is a major reason wolves have been able to thrive 395 00:34:07,286 --> 00:34:09,150 繁荣的主因 in the region. 396 00:34:14,742 --> 00:34:16,571 其中一种物种 One species in particular 397 00:34:16,640 --> 00:34:19,126 助狼群度过艰难岁月 helped wolves make it through the hard times. 398 00:34:23,544 --> 00:34:24,131 野猪 Wild boar. 399 00:34:27,962 --> 00:34:30,413 这种野兽是欧洲分布最广 These beasts are one of the most widely spread 400 00:34:30,482 --> 00:34:32,656 数量最多的哺乳动物 and abundant mammals in Europe. 401 00:34:34,762 --> 00:34:37,144 它们掌握各种生存技巧 They have all kinds of tricks up their sleeve 402 00:34:37,213 --> 00:34:41,665 能适应多数栖息环境 to help them survive and thrive in most habitats. 403 00:34:45,566 --> 00:34:47,947 首先是杂食习性 First, their taste in food. 404 00:34:48,016 --> 00:34:51,572 野猪几乎无所不吃... Wild boar will eat almost anything... 405 00:34:51,641 --> 00:34:53,884 从根茎昆虫... from roots and insects... 406 00:34:53,953 --> 00:34:56,922 到浆果腐肉 to berries and carrion. 407 00:34:56,991 --> 00:35:00,546 树皮也在菜单之列 Even bark is on the menu. 408 00:35:03,756 --> 00:35:07,622 没有什么能干扰它们进食 Nothing distracts them from the job at hand 409 00:35:07,691 --> 00:35:10,453 成年野猪打斗时 Even tussles between adult boar 410 00:35:10,522 --> 00:35:13,214 幼崽仍继续觅食 don't stop piglets from foraging. 411 00:35:26,089 --> 00:35:30,852 野猪群居生活 Wild boar live in groups called sounders. 412 00:35:30,921 --> 00:35:33,027 由雌性首领统领 They're led by the dominant female. 413 00:35:33,096 --> 00:35:37,376 全体成员需照料幼崽... And they all have to look after the piglets... 414 00:35:37,445 --> 00:35:40,276 并警惕掠食者... and keep an eye out for predators... 415 00:35:44,590 --> 00:35:47,662 ...特别是灰狼 ...especially the grey wolf. 416 00:35:52,529 --> 00:35:57,948 对顶级掠食者而言 野猪群是诱人目标 For a top predator, a sounder of wild boar is a tempting target. 417 00:36:07,889 --> 00:36:11,341 唾手可得的猎物 There's plenty of prey on offer. 418 00:36:23,491 --> 00:36:25,873 但狩猎并非易事... But hunting isn't easy... 419 00:36:25,942 --> 00:36:29,048 尤其对独狼而言... especially for a solitary wolf... 420 00:36:29,117 --> 00:36:31,258 没有狼群支援 without the support of a pack. 421 00:36:34,330 --> 00:36:37,954 狼群狩猎成功率仅20% Wolves have a hit rate of just 20%. 422 00:36:38,023 --> 00:36:40,922 因此它们常转向更易得猎物... So it's tempting to turn to easier prey... 423 00:36:43,062 --> 00:36:45,272 ...人类圈养的家畜 ...from the human world. 424 00:36:51,036 --> 00:36:54,764 当地牲畜成为稳定目标 Local livestock is a reliable target. 425 00:36:57,905 --> 00:37:00,839 牧羊人与农民每年损失数千牲畜 Shepherds and farmers lose thousands of animals each year 426 00:37:00,908 --> 00:37:02,737 遭狼群袭击 to wolf attacks. 427 00:37:06,810 --> 00:37:09,710 有人采取报复性猎杀... Some shoot wolves in retaliation... 428 00:37:15,163 --> 00:37:17,994 ...尽管狼受法律保护 ...even though the predators are protected. 429 00:37:20,030 --> 00:37:22,309 这是狼类保护 It's one of the biggest challenges 430 00:37:22,378 --> 00:37:24,311 最大挑战 for wolf conservation. 431 00:37:28,384 --> 00:37:30,903 但古老的牲畜守护方式 But an age-old way of protecting livestock 432 00:37:30,972 --> 00:37:32,042 正在复兴... is making a comeback... 433 00:37:34,113 --> 00:37:37,565 ...同时拯救了狼群 ...and saving wolves in the process. 434 00:37:43,778 --> 00:37:45,953 喀尔巴阡山脉以北的希腊... Beyond the Carpathians, in Northern Greece... 435 00:37:52,546 --> 00:37:55,756 ...阿克图罗斯中心培育着新一代 ...the Arcturos Center is raising a new generation 436 00:37:55,825 --> 00:37:57,965 希腊牧羊犬... of Hellenic Sheepdogs... 437 00:37:59,104 --> 00:38:02,556 ...只为达成单一目标... ...with a single goal in mind... 438 00:38:04,627 --> 00:38:07,630 ...保护牲畜免遭掠食 ...to save livestock from predators. 439 00:38:16,846 --> 00:38:19,814 这些工作犬看似... These working dogs may look... 440 00:38:19,883 --> 00:38:22,369 行为... and act... 441 00:38:22,438 --> 00:38:25,855 像超大型宠物犬 like oversized family pets. 442 00:38:38,523 --> 00:38:42,112 但它们经数世纪选育... But they've been bred over centuries... 443 00:38:42,181 --> 00:38:45,219 专为守护羊群 to protect and defend sheep. 444 00:38:47,290 --> 00:38:50,707 是牲畜的凶猛护卫 They are fierce protectors of livestock. 445 00:38:50,776 --> 00:38:54,953 却对人类异常温顺 Yet the dogs are remarkably nice to people. 446 00:38:55,022 --> 00:38:59,060 阿克图罗斯中心鼓励这种特质... And this is encouraged at Arcturos... 447 00:38:59,129 --> 00:39:02,857 它们在此享受无忧生活 where they enjoy a stress-free life. 448 00:39:06,758 --> 00:39:10,520 幼犬时期就开始社会化 Socialized from a young age, 449 00:39:10,589 --> 00:39:13,109 每只幼犬都训练为 every one of the pups is being prepared to work 450 00:39:13,178 --> 00:39:15,422 未来搭档工作 as a double act in the future. 451 00:39:18,321 --> 00:39:21,531 成长过程中与同伴相处 Exposure to their fellow canines as they grow up 452 00:39:21,600 --> 00:39:25,639 对培养优良牧羊犬至关重要 is crucial in raising a well-mannered Hellenic Sheepdog. 453 00:39:33,681 --> 00:39:35,994 但阿克图罗斯不只有玩乐 However, it's not all fun and games at Arcturos. 454 00:39:38,065 --> 00:39:41,931 今天是疫苗接种日 Today is vaccination day. 455 00:39:48,627 --> 00:39:50,664 每只犬都需采血检测 Each dog has their blood tested 456 00:39:50,733 --> 00:39:54,461 接种六种犬类疾病疫苗 and is vaccinated against half a dozen canine diseases. 457 00:40:07,094 --> 00:40:09,027 -我们需进行检测 -We have to do some tests 458 00:40:09,096 --> 00:40:11,478 掌握健康状况 so that we can take their health status, 459 00:40:11,547 --> 00:40:13,307 采集血样确保 take blood samples so that we make sure 460 00:40:13,376 --> 00:40:16,655 它们身体健康 that everything is okay with their health. 461 00:40:16,724 --> 00:40:19,796 -疫苗能有效保护牧羊犬 -The vaccines are essential to protect the Hellenic Sheepdog 462 00:40:19,865 --> 00:40:22,040 避免疾病相互传播 from passing diseases on to each other 463 00:40:22,109 --> 00:40:25,077 及感染其他接触动物 and to other animals they come into contact with. 464 00:40:27,045 --> 00:40:30,082 有些犬不太配合... Some are not as keen as others... 465 00:40:32,222 --> 00:40:34,017 ...需要适当鼓励 ...and need a little encouragement. 466 00:40:37,918 --> 00:40:39,309 -今天非常忙碌 -It's a busy day, because we have to do all the dogs, 467 00:40:39,333 --> 00:40:42,647 每只犬反应不同 and not all the dogs are having the same behavior. 468 00:40:42,716 --> 00:40:44,994 需确保它们不会恐惧 And we need to make sure that they are not afraid, 469 00:40:45,063 --> 00:40:47,237 不让流程造成压力 not to be a stressful procedure for them. 470 00:40:49,895 --> 00:40:52,760 -最后是五月节 -Last one up is Fiesta. 471 00:40:52,829 --> 00:40:53,968 仅五个月大的它 At only 5 months old, 472 00:40:54,037 --> 00:40:56,523 是犬群中最年幼的 she is one of the youngest in the pack. 473 00:41:00,354 --> 00:41:04,358 -但与其他幼犬不同 它不会成为牧羊犬 -But unlike her siblings, she will not become a sheepdog. 474 00:41:06,429 --> 00:41:09,915 将作为种犬培养 Fiesta will soon be a breeding female. 475 00:41:09,984 --> 00:41:12,987 -我们保留它因为其形态特征 -We kept her because we thought that morphologically 476 00:41:13,056 --> 00:41:15,334 和行为表现都非常适合 and also her behavior was really good 477 00:41:15,403 --> 00:41:17,544 成为繁殖犬 to become a breeding dog. 478 00:41:17,613 --> 00:41:21,996 -若顺利 五月节将成为中心关键 -If all goes well, Fiesta will be key for Arcturos. 479 00:41:22,065 --> 00:41:25,690 作为种犬 它有望孕育 As a breeding female, she has the potential to give birth 480 00:41:25,759 --> 00:41:28,106 三窝希腊牧羊犬 to three litters of Hellenic Sheepdogs. 481 00:41:32,282 --> 00:41:33,467 -它们不仅是工具 -They are not just tools for us. 482 00:41:33,491 --> 00:41:36,908 健康快乐的种犬 If we have healthy and happy dogs here, 483 00:41:36,977 --> 00:41:40,774 对后续送出的工作犬至关重要 it's very important for the dogs that we give away later. 484 00:41:46,952 --> 00:41:51,888 -每年有20多只犬赠予当地牧羊人 -Every year, more than 20 dogs are donated to local shepherds. 485 00:41:53,165 --> 00:41:56,030 这是米尔科 This is Mirco. 486 00:41:56,099 --> 00:42:02,278 两个月大时来到新家... She arrived at her new home when she was just 2 months old... 487 00:42:02,347 --> 00:42:05,005 与羊群共同成长 so that she could grow up among sheep. 488 00:42:09,941 --> 00:42:11,080 如今已是羊群一员 Now she's one of the flock. 489 00:42:14,014 --> 00:42:16,948 它不驱赶羊群 而是如保镖般 She doesn't herd the sheep. She simply walks with them, 490 00:42:17,017 --> 00:42:18,087 与它们同行 as a bodyguard. 491 00:42:24,265 --> 00:42:26,267 这些犬成对工作... These dogs work in pairs... 492 00:42:26,336 --> 00:42:29,961 保持警戒随时防范威胁 keeping watch and constantly alert for threats. 493 00:42:34,068 --> 00:42:38,659 全欧洲类似犬种都执行相同任务... All across Europe, similar dog breeds do the same job... 494 00:42:38,728 --> 00:42:41,559 守护绵羊等牲畜... protecting sheep and other livestock... 495 00:42:43,699 --> 00:42:47,116 ...日复一日... ...day in, 496 00:42:47,185 --> 00:42:47,979 ...年复一年... day out... 497 00:42:51,983 --> 00:42:54,157 ...全年无休 ...and all year round. 498 00:43:02,096 --> 00:43:06,687 通常它们的存在就足以吓退掠食者 Usually, their presence alone is enough to scare off predators. 499 00:43:09,103 --> 00:43:11,761 但这匹孤狼例外 However, this is a lone wolf. 500 00:43:13,970 --> 00:43:19,804 没有狼群协作 它寻找易得猎物 With no pack to hunt with, it's after an easy meal. 501 00:43:19,873 --> 00:43:22,807 但牧羊犬寸步不让 But these sheepdogs aren't going anywhere. 502 00:43:28,260 --> 00:43:32,195 防御是它们的天性 不会主动攻击 Defensive by nature, they will not initiate an attack. 503 00:43:34,266 --> 00:43:35,958 团队协作让狼明白 As a team, they make sure the wolf knows 504 00:43:36,027 --> 00:43:38,926 这群羊绝非易得目标 their flock won't be an easy target. 505 00:43:48,073 --> 00:43:51,767 狼 momentarily 显出屈服姿态 The wolf looks submissive, for a moment. 506 00:43:59,602 --> 00:44:01,017 但它锲而不舍 But he's persistent. 507 00:44:04,849 --> 00:44:06,126 牧羊犬也是 So are the dogs. 508 00:44:09,094 --> 00:44:14,134 直到狼彻底远离才停止驱赶 They don't stop until the wolf is well clear. 509 00:44:19,484 --> 00:44:21,117 牧羊犬每年阻止数千起 Thousands of predator attacks on livestock 510 00:44:21,141 --> 00:44:24,869 掠食者袭击牲畜事件 are prevented each year by dogs. 511 00:44:28,148 --> 00:44:33,429 同时也避免狼群遭致命报复 In return, many wolves are saved from deadly retaliation. 512 00:44:39,538 --> 00:44:42,369 当狼群数量得以恢复 When wolf numbers have a chance to bounce back, 513 00:44:42,438 --> 00:44:47,512 这个物种能创造惊人奇迹 the species is capable of extraordinary feats. 514 00:44:47,581 --> 00:44:49,859 波兰实施狼类禁猎令 In Poland, a hunting ban on wolves 515 00:44:49,928 --> 00:44:54,415 仅二十年前才生效 came into effect just 20 years ago. 516 00:44:54,484 --> 00:44:57,280 此后狼群不仅数量增长... Since then, not only have their numbers grown... 517 00:44:58,765 --> 00:45:04,218 ...栖息地也大幅扩展 ...they've also dramatically increased their range. 518 00:45:04,287 --> 00:45:07,359 狼类专家萨宾娜运用GPS追踪 Wolf scientist Sabina uses GPS tracking 519 00:45:07,428 --> 00:45:10,155 与波兰狼DNA分析 and DNA analysis of Polish wolves 520 00:45:10,224 --> 00:45:12,986 得出惊人发现 to make a startling discovery. 521 00:45:13,055 --> 00:45:15,471 短短二十年间 In just two decades, 522 00:45:15,540 --> 00:45:18,336 源自波兰东北部的狼群 wolves originating in Northeastern Poland 523 00:45:18,405 --> 00:45:21,615 已迁徙至西欧边缘... have traveled to the very edge of Western Europe... 524 00:45:21,684 --> 00:45:25,446 沿途定居于波兰西部、德国 settling along the way in Western Poland, Germany, 525 00:45:25,515 --> 00:45:29,278 丹麦、比利时甚至荷兰 Denmark, Belgium, and even the Netherlands. 526 00:45:37,527 --> 00:45:40,013 这种标志性掠食者的回归 The return of this iconic predator 527 00:45:40,082 --> 00:45:45,570 得益于人类干预与狼的适应能力 is down to human intervention and the wolf's adaptable nature. 528 00:45:45,639 --> 00:45:48,159 -有些狼适应力极强 -Some wolves are very adaptive. 529 00:45:48,228 --> 00:45:51,369 能接受人类存在 They can accept the human presence. 530 00:45:57,616 --> 00:46:00,102 给予机会 狼群就会扎根 When you give wolves a chance, they will settle. 531 00:46:00,171 --> 00:46:04,209 实现种群复苏 They will recover. 532 00:46:04,278 --> 00:46:08,593 -自然只需人类援手 -A helping hand is all nature needs to bounce back 533 00:46:08,662 --> 00:46:12,045 就能在现代世界重生 and establish itself in the modern world. 534 00:46:24,471 --> 00:46:25,783 欧洲野牛 The European bison, 535 00:46:25,852 --> 00:46:30,373 曾濒临灭绝边缘 which once teetered on the brink of extinction, 536 00:46:30,442 --> 00:46:34,101 如今在南喀尔巴阡山脉茁壮成长 now thrive in the Southern Carpathians. 537 00:46:38,588 --> 00:46:41,177 野牛群重塑地貌 Herds reshape the landscape. 538 00:46:47,666 --> 00:46:50,428 幼崽在野外诞生 Calves are born wild. 539 00:47:06,064 --> 00:47:10,137 掠食者与猎物共同受益 Predator and prey alike benefit. 540 00:47:27,327 --> 00:47:29,191 这些生物共同 Together, these creatures 541 00:47:29,260 --> 00:47:32,677 唤醒喀尔巴阡山脉生机... are reviving the Carpathian Mountains... 542 00:47:35,473 --> 00:47:40,443 ...让这片欧洲最荒野之地... ...making one of the wildest places on the continent... 543 00:47:40,512 --> 00:47:42,687 ...更加野性蓬勃 ...even wilder.